- Abdollahi, M. (2021). Family transformations and changing marriage patterns in Iran. Agah Publications. [In Persian]
- Apostolou, M., & Lajunen, T. J. (2025). Difficulties in Keeping an Intimate Relationship and Singlehood. Evolutionary Psychology, 23(3), 1-6
- Beauparlant, E. T., & Machia, L. V. (2024). Why are you single?: Examining the influence of reasons for being single on the stereotypes associated with single adults. Current Psychology, 43(35), 28475-28487.
- Dykstra, P. A., & Poortman, A. R. (2010). Economic resources and remaining single: Trends over time. European Sociological Review, 26(3), 277-290.
- Einglhart, R. (2021). Cultural transformation in advanced industrial society (M. Vatar, Trans.). Kavir Publications. [In Persian]
- Esteve, A., García‐Román, J., & Permanyer, I. (2012). The gender‐gap reversal in education and its effect on union formation: the end of hypergamy?. Population and Development Review, 38(3), 535-546.
- Esteve, A., Kashyap, R., Roman, J. G., Cheng, Y. H. A., Fukuda, S., Nie, W., & Lee, H. O. (2020). Demographic change and increasing late singlehood in East Asia, 2010–2050. Demographic Research, 43, 1367-1398.
- Ganji, M., Piri, H. and Vahedian, M. (2021). Typology of unmarried Ilamian girls According to reasons of Singleness. Journal of Woman and Family Studies, 9(1), 189-212. [In Persian]
- Giddens, A. (2017). Modernity and self-identity (N. Fakuhi, Trans.). Ney Publishing. [In Persian]
- Jager, J., Rauer, A., & Pettit, G. S. (2024). A lifecourse perspective on singlehood. Research in Human Development, 21(1), 1-5.
- Joshi, P., Quane, J. M., & Cherlin, A. J. (2009). Contemporary work and family issues affecting marriage and cohabitation among low‐income single mothers. Family Relations, 58(5), 647-661.
- Kalate Sadati,A, Sadeghieh,S, Jafari Naeimi,F and Sadeghian Moghadam,Z. (2024). The Intersection of Culture and Celibacy: Exploring Individual and Socio-Cultural Aspects of Prolonged Single Life among Unmarried Women in Yazd, Iran. Journal of Population Association of Iran, 18(36), 51-91. [In Persian]
- Kazemi, A. (2019). Everyday life and social action. Ney Publishing. [In Persian]
- Kowal, M., & Adamczyk, K. (2025). Sociodemographic and cultural factors are related to singlehood rates: A multilevel analysis across 59 countries from the World Values Survey. Plos one, 20(10), e0335416.
- Mendiola, A. M., & Cortina, C. (2025). Gender implications of new assortative mating patterns: mating down and sharing more equally the domestic work?. Review of Economics of the Household, 1-25.
- Mirzaie,M and Ghorbani,F. (2015). Materialistic and Post-Materialistic Value Orientation and the Timing of Marriage (Case Study: Men and Women in the Threshold of Marriage in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province). Journal of Population Association of Iran, 10(20), 50-71. [In Persian]
- Mohammadpour, A. (2011). Grounded theory methodology. Jamehshenasan Publishing. [In Persian]
- Mohseni-Tabrizi, A. (2015). Transition to adulthood in Iran. Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies. [In Persian]
- Molapanah,Z, Rahmani Khalili,E and Vosoughi,M. (2022). Sociological study of the contexts and consequences of delaying the age of marriage among unmarried men in Tehran. Women's Strategic Studies, 24(94), 161-184. [In Persian]
- Rashvand Sorkhkouleh, M. and Vojdani, F. (2021). The Relationship between Individualism and Gender Equality with the Value of Marriage (Case Study: Unmarried Girls Aged 20 to 34 in Tehran). Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Journal of Social Sciences, 17(2), 125-161. [In Persian]
- Rubio, G. (2014). How love conquered marriage: Theory and evidence on the disappearance of arranged marriages. Unpublished manuscript.
- sabzehei,M T, Afshar Kohan,J, Ghodsi,A M and Roshanpour,A. (2026). Celibacy among Single Urban Middle-Class Men: (Case of Study of Men Living in Four Iranian Metropolis). Social Problems of Iran, 16(4), 91-129. [In Persian]
- Santos, H. C., Varnum, M. E., & Grossmann, I. (2017). Global increases in individualism. Psychological science, 28(9), 1228-1239.
- Saroukhani, B. (2019). Sociology of the family. Soroush Publishing. [In Persian]
- Shakerbigi, A. (2025). Sevenfold increase in the rate of permanent singlehood: A national crisis or a choice? Tose'e Irani. https://www.toseeirani.ir. [In Persian]
- Shobande, O. A. (2025). Costs of Love: A Constrained Utility Approach to Marital Decisions and Family Outcomes. Research in Economics, 79 (3),1-15
- Shojaei,V, najafian,F and samadi,H. (2020). Sociology of Celibacy in Male Athletes of National Teams. Sport Psychology Studies, 9(31), 83-96. [In Persian]
- Sidhant, J., & Bhawna, C. (2023). The effect of financial independence of Indian women on their marriage decisions. Social Evolution & History, 22(1), 123-142.
- Strauss, A., & Corbin, J. (2006). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory (B. Mohammadi, Trans.). Ney Publishing. [In Persian]
- Tayebnia, M. S., Kardavani, R. and Yaraghy, S. (2023). Qualitative Typology of Attitude towards Marriage among Unmarried Students of Isfahan Universities. Journal of Applied Sociology, 34(2), 101-122. [In Persian]
- Torabi,F and Shams Ghahfarokhi,Z. (2021). Factors Affecting Marriage Delay in Iran and around the World. Journal of Population Association of Iran, 16(32), 141-175. [In Persian]
- Van den Berg, L., & Verbakel, E. (2022). Trends in singlehood in young adulthood in Europe. Advances in Life Course Research, 51, 100449.
- Yu, W. H., & Hara, Y. (2020). Job characteristics, marital intentions, and partner-seeking actions: Longitudinal evidence from Japan. Demographic Research, 43, 1510-1539.
