Social Problems of Iran

The Fluidity of subsistence: the underprivileged and the struggle to survive

Authors

Kayhan safari 1
Mohammad Abbaszadeh 2

1 PhD. Student in sociology at UT

2 professor of sociology at UT

Abstract
One of the most controversial issues among the downtrodden and the urban poor is their work and fallacy, which they refer to as informal occupations. This issue, which is a significant part of Iran's economy, is expanding day by day due to structural adjustment policies, and urban downtowns are one of the main victims of this trend. Understanding the perceptions and perceptions of urban slum dwellers about their work and informal activities in society is something that this article seeks to study. The researcher has used a qualitative method and an interpretive phenomenological approach with the aim of recognizing, describing and explaining this matter. The interviewees were 23 residents of Naysar Sanandaj who were engaged in informal jobs who were interviewed in depth and semi-structured. Participants were selected by purposive sampling. Findings from the description and narrative of Nayser subordinates of the work include 6 main categories Coping with Unwanted Suffering - Alternative to Unemployment - Fluid or Unstable Living Lifestyle - Institutionalizing Informal Work: Source of Livelihood - Anomic-Based Income Generation. The findings show that the perception of the underprivileged of working in Naysar Sanandaj as a fluid and unstable lifestyle in the face of a kind of anomic-oriented income-generating process and as an alternative to the growing unemployment with which the underprivileged live.

Keywords

subordinates
work
informal occupations
nayser
Interpretive phenomenology
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  • Receive Date 08 June 2026
  • First Publish Date 08 June 2026