The main objective of this study is to explain the role of social (intra and extra-university) and individual factors of academic burnout among university students, measured by the three components of “academic exhaustion”, “academic disinterest” and “academic inefficacy”. The present study is a survey of 329 undergraduate and graduate students of the University of Isfahan, selected through stratified sampling method across a variety of disciplines. The results showed that academic motivelessness, educational satisfaction, hope for future employment and academic participation have a direct impact on academic burnout while the interaction between faculties and students, departmental atmosphere, symbolic capital, and significant others have an indirect impact. Also, the quality of the learning environment and contact with classmates did not show a significant relationship. The results showed that the most important causes of academic burnout among students are lack of motivation, dissatisfaction with education, disappointment in future employment and lack of academic participation. As a whole, the results suggest that social factors through individual factors and their complex combination have an undeniable impact on academic burnout.

Tendency, consumption, and addiction to drugs are one of the most important social problems existing in modern society which can be evaluated from different aspects. One of the drivers of addiction and tendency to drugs is the normalization of drugs within society. Current paper studies situations in which positive attitude within the ethnic subcultures of Shahre-kord (Fars, Turk, and Bakhtiari) exists using a survey method. data has been gathered through a researcher-made questionnaire from a sample of 197. The data has been analyzed using descriptive and Inferential statistics. The result of the survey showed that about 35 percent of Respondents have used traditional or industrial drugs (mostly opium and alcoholic drinks) for some specific usages (drug therapy, amusement, addiction and …). Attitude analyze results show that although most respondents have a negative attitude toward drug abuse, 30 percent have a medium and positive attitude or have no comment. Variation analysis also showed no noticeable attitude deference among the ethnicities toward the drug abuse. In other words, different ethnicities in Shahre-kord had a similar attitude toward drug abuse.