هویت حرفه‌ای معلمان در تقاطع ساختارهای اقتصادی، سیاسی و اجتماعی؛ یک مطالعۀ زمینه‌ای در یزد

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دورهٔ دکتری جامعه‌شناسی، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدهٔ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدهٔ علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکدهٔ علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف مطالعۀ چگونگی برساخت هویت حرفه‌ای در بین معلمان شهر یزد انجام شده است. هویت حرفه‌ای چهارچوب تفسیری و خودپندارۀ حرفه‌ای معلمان دربارۀ خودشان است که از برهم‌کنش با شرایط و زمینه‌های متنوع به وجود می‌آید. در اجرای این پژوهش از نظریۀ زمینه‌ای اشتراوس و کربین بهره گرفته شد. مشارکت‌کنندگان ۲۰ نفر از معلمان شهر یزد در سنین، جنسیت و مقاطع مختلف تحصیلی مختلف بودند که با آن‌ها مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه‌ساختاریافته صورت گرفت. اطلاعات به‌دست‌آمده ابتدا کدگذاری و سپس مقوله‌بندی و تحلیل شد. «هویت پاره‌پاره» مقولۀ هسته پژوهش بود که از برساخت مقوله‌های (فرودست‌شدگی اقتصادی، هویت ابزاری و هویت اجتماعی تضعیف‌شده) به دست آمد. عوامل علّی تأثیرگذار بر این نوع از هویت شامل (تنگناهای معیشتی، رویکرد تبعیضی و نامتوازن‌ حاکمیت و...)، عوامل زمینه‌ای شامل (تحول ارزشی/ هنجاری معلمان، زوال منزلت اجتماعی معلمی و...) و عوامل مداخله‌گر شامل (فرودست‌سازی اقتصادی نهاد آموزش، دیده‌نشدن انتظارات مادی با شعارگرایی معنوی، فزایندگی بحران‌های اقتصاد بیمار و...) بود. مشارکت‌کنندگان در پاسخ به وضعیت هویتی خود از استراتژی‌های مقاومت خاموش، اعتراض و... استفاده کردند و کاهش سرمایۀ اجتماعی، بیگانگی حرفه‌ای، مشارکت تقلیل‌یافته و... به‌عنوان پیامدهای حاصله شناسایی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405