سیاست‌های رفاهی متناسب با مخاطرات اجتماعی (مورد مطالعه کووید 19)

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه جامعه شناسی دانشگاه خوارزمی

2 دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده
نظام حمایت اجتماعی به سیاست‌گذاری در حوزۀ «مساعدت اجتماعی»، «بیمه‌های اجتماعی» و «سیاست بازار کار» مربوط می‌شود که فارغ از نوع الگوی رفاهی کشورها در مدیریت خطرات اجتماعی و به عنوان حقی انسانی مورد توجه قرار می ­گیرد. این مطالعه با روش اسنادی، به بررسی وضعیت کشورها ( 170 کشور) با درآمد و نظام رفاهی متفاوت در حوزۀ سیاست‌های حمایت اجتماعی در مواجهه با کرونا می­ پردازد، همچنین در حوزۀ حمایت اجتماعی برنامه­ های 6 کشور آلمان، استرالیا، کرۀ جنوبی، چین، مالزی و ترکیه که یا به دلیل قرار گرفتن در چارچوب­ های موجود رفاهی و یا داشتن روند پیش رونده­ای در حوزه سیاست­گذاری رفاهی مورد بررسی دقیق­ تر قرار گرفتند. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد که تنوع بیشتر در طرح‌های حمایت اجتماعی و اقدام پیشینی در کنترل زودهنگام این بیماری مؤثر است و کشورهای با درآمد بالا در زمینۀ تنوع این طرح‌ها موفق‌تر عمل کرده‌اند، به ویژه، طرح‌های حمایت از بازار کار و طرح‌های مکمل حمایت اجتماعی مبتنی بر نیازهای پایه‌ای، توانسته به کنترل مؤثر بیماری و بهبود شرایط رفاهی جامعه کمک کند.



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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405